Master of Science in Finance Program at Chulalongkorn Business School combines theory and practice with the latest industry perspectives to deliver in-depth knowledge in extensive fields of finance. We prepare our graduates to be impactful leaders in financial industry worldwide.
Why
MSF Chula?
- Classes are taught by world-renowned experts in financial field: A-list faculty, visiting professors from world class universities, and active professionals in finance and banking sector
- Internationally recognized global learning
- Breakthrough curriculum to accelerate career in finance
- Opportunities to meet in persons with distinguished executives
- Flexible weekday or weekend schedules
- Accredited by EPAS as well as Chulalongkorn Business School’s AACSB and EQUIS
- Broad portfolio of learning opportunities at partner universities around the world
“The program opens the door into the world of Finance, theoretically and practically. The funs and excitements will be waiting for you”
- Neramit Leewairoje (FX 1), Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, Singapore
HIGHLIGHT
MSF Chula is the Master of Science in Finance program, operating under the umbrella of the Department of Banking and Finance, Chulalongkorn Business School, Chulalongkorn University.
Established in October 1996, we are the first master’s degree program in Thailand that focuses on financial discipline and still continues to be one of the nation’s finest programs.
MISSION
The mission of the program is to deliver frontier knowledge and skills through high quality academic and learning environment. We aim to encourage students to be innovative and take intellectual challenges in order to sharpen their understanding of financial issues. As well, we empower them to reach their true potential and excel as sustained leaders in the financial field.
Accreditations
In addition to AACSB and EQUIS accreditations granted to Chulalongkorn Business School that confirm our international-standard quality, MSF Chula is the only master’s degree program in Thailand that has achieved the prestigious EPAS accreditation since February 17, 2015.
EPAS is an international program accreditation system developed by the European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD).
There are currently merely 100+ institutions worldwide that has been awarded EPAS accreditation, a very few of which are finance program.
EPAS accreditation process involves an in-depth assessment of the Program through international benchmarking, considering an extensive range of factors that include the Program’s strategy; academic rigor; international focus; quality of the student body, faculty, alumni, as well as their career progression.
The program’s achievement of obtaining EPAS accreditation reflects our commitment to continuous improvement and dedication to excellence in financial education.
For more details regarding the accreditation of Chulalongkorn Business School, please refer to https://intl-accredit.acc.chula.ac.th
EPAS is an international program accreditation system developed by the European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD).
There are currently merely 100+ institutions worldwide that has been awarded EPAS accreditation, a very few of which are finance program.
EPAS accreditation process involves an in-depth assessment of the Program through international benchmarking, considering an extensive range of factors that include the Program’s strategy; academic rigor; international focus; quality of the student body, faculty, alumni, as well as their career progression.
The program’s achievement of obtaining EPAS accreditation reflects our commitment to continuous improvement and dedication to excellence in financial education.
For more details regarding the accreditation of Chulalongkorn Business School, please refer to https://intl-accredit.acc.chula.ac.th
ADVISORY BOARD
The MSF Advisory Board comprises both renowned academics and prominent executives. The Board is an important link between the Program and the business community. It advices on our strategic objectives and provides important inputs that contributes to the Program’s strength and future development.
Professor Christian C.P. Wolff, Prof.
Professor of Finance
University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Professor Russell Wermers, Prof.
Professor of Finance and Director of the Center for Financial Policy
Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Sakorn Suksriwong, Prof.
Chairman of Executive Committee
King's College International School Bangkok
King's College International School Bangkok
Susheel Narula
Investment Advisor
Hunters Investment
Hunters Investment
Win Udomrachtavanich, Ph.D.
Chief Executive Officer
KTB Investment & Securities Co.,Ltd
KTB Investment & Securities Co.,Ltd
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES
MSF Program executive committees, appointed by Chulalongkorn Business School, oversee the Program policies and its effective operation.
Narapong Srivisal, Ph.D.
MSF Director
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
Anirut Pisedtasalasai, Ph.D.
MSF Associate Director
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
Pornpitchaya Kuwalairat, Ph.D.
MSF Associate Director
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
Tanakorn Likitapiwat, Ph.D.
MSF Associate Director
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
Tanawit Sae-Sue, Ph.D.
MSF Associate Director
Ruttachai Seelajaroen, Ph.D.
MSF Committee and Secretary
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
Jananya Sthienchoak, Ph.D.
MSF Committee
Assistant Professor of Finance
Assistant Professor of Finance
FACULTY MEMBERS
MSF boasts an excellent faculty of leading scholars who earned their doctorate degrees from world-renowned universities and have wide-ranging expertise spanning all major areas of finance. Often working closely with leading professionals in financial field, our faculty members have strong connections with leaders in banking and financial industries.
Narapong Srivisal, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Anirut Pisedtasalasai, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Pornpitchaya Kuwalairat, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Tanakorn Likitapiwat, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Tanawit Sae-Sue, Ph.D.
Doctor
Ruttachai Seelajaroen, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Jananya Sthienchoak, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Prapaporn Kiattikulwattana, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Thanyaluk Vichitsarawong, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
J. Thomas Connelly, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Kanis Saengchote, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Kanyarat Sanoran, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Manapol Ekkayokkaya, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Nathridee Suppakitjarak, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Pornanong Budsaratragoon, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Roongkiat Ratanabanchuen, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Sira Suchintabandid, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Suparatana Tanthanongsakkun, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Thaisiri Watewai, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Thitithep Sitthiyot, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Vimut Vanitcharearnthum, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Visarut Sribunnak, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Natchanont Komutputipong, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
SUPPORTING STAFF
Alisa Khuarunyasunthon
General Administrator
Chanthima Boonthueng
General Administrator
VISITING PROFESSORS
Jürgen Huber, Prof.
Head of the Department of Banking and Finance
University of Innsbruck Austria
University of Innsbruck Austria
Russell Wermers
Professor of Finance and Director of the Center for Financial Policy
Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Smith School of Business, University of Maryland
Steen Thomsen, Prof.
Professor of Enterprise, Foundations at the Center for Corporate Governance (CCG)
Copenhagen Business Sochool, Denmark
Copenhagen Business Sochool, Denmark
Nuttawat Visaltanachoti, Prof.
Dean's Chair in Finance
School of Economics and Finance, Massey University, New Zealand
School of Economics and Finance, Massey University, New Zealand
Bruno R. Gerard DNB Chair Professor in Asset Management, Norwegian School of Management, Norway | Christian C.P. Wolff Professor of Finance, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg | Deborah Lucas Director of the MIT Golub Center for Finance and Policy, MIT Sloan School of Management, USA | Evangelos Vagenas-Nanos Senior Lecturer in Accounting and Finance, University of Glasgow, Scotland | Hendrik Bessembinder Professor of Finance, Arizona State University, USA | Keng Yu-Ho Professor of Finance, National Taiwan University, Taiwan | Marc Paolella Professor of Empirical Finance, University of Zurich, Switzerland | Meir Statman Glenn Klimek Professor of Finance, Santa Clara University, USA | Michael J. Aitken Professor of Finance, Macquarie University, Australia | Morten Bennedsen Professor of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark | Paul Embrechts Professor of Mathematics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland | Roger King Professor of Finance, Hong Kong University of Science and Techonology (HKUST) | Shawn Cole Professor of Finance, Harvard Business School, USA | Söhnke M. Bartram Professor of Finance, University of Warwick, England | Tony Kang Professor of Accounting, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA | Vidhan Goyal Chair Professor of Finance, Hong Kong University of Science and Techonology (HKUST) | Donald R. Chambers Professor of Finance, Lafayette College, USA
ADJUNCT and CORPORATE CONNECTIONS
Sunti Tirapat Associate Professor of Finance, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA) | Kridsda Nimmanunta Director of Professional MBA/MSc in Finanical Investment and Risk Management, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA) | Nattawut Jenwittayaroje Director of the MSc in Financial Investment and Risk Management (MSc in FIRM) program, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA) | Chonladet Khemarattana Chief Executive Officer, Fintech (Thailand) Co., Ltd. | Chatsularng Karnchanasai, The Bank of Thailand | Chattrin Laksanabunsong Head of 10X Project, Siam Commercial Bank | Kobsidthi Silpachai Head of Capital Markets Research, Kasikorn Bank | Kris Panijpan Managing Partner/Co-Founder, 9 Basil Co., Ltd. | Paritat Lerngutai Chief Financial Officer, Sri U-Thong Limited | Pasu Liptapanlop Director, Proud Real Estate Plc. | Pisit Jeungpraditphan Audit Committee Director & Independent Director, Mudman Public Company Limited | Ponladesh Poomimars, The Bank of Thailand | Sirinattha Techasiriwan | Somjin Sornpaisarn Chief Executive Officer, TMB Asset Management | Sopon Asawanuchit Managing Partner, Confidante Capital Co.,Ltd. | Sornchai Suneta First Vice President, Chief Investment Officer, Wealth Segment, Siam Commercial Bank | Waraporn Prapasirikul Partner, Ernst & Young Office Limited | Yunyong Thaicharoen First Executive Vice President, Economic Intelligence Center, Siam Commercial Bank | Yuttapon Wittayapanitchagorn Executive Vice President, Fixed Income Investment Group, Investment Division SCB Securities Company Limited
Alumni
2022
FT 23
Chang Chen
Investor’s Sentiment and Stock Return: An Empirical Study on the Thai Stock Market
The effect of investor sentiment on stock returns is one of the most recent
developments in finance. The empirical literature includes developed stock markets.
However, emerging markets, notably the Thai stock market, lack study subjects. The
purpose is to deeply comprehend the link between investor sentiment and Thai stock
market return. The aims include customizing investor sentiment indices to explain
the Thai stock market index's movement, estimating investor sentiment's predictive
ability, providing stock investors with referable trading strategies, and providing
suggestions for cross-section equity selection.
This study initially employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to
customize the composite indices, called the investor sentiment indices, using the local
and global levels based on eight underlying indicators extracted from prior research.
Second, the paper examines and compares the forecasting performance of the
Martingale model, the Autoregression model, and the Multivariate Threshold
Autoregressive models (MTAR) using local and global sentiment indices. Thirdly,
the paper develops trading strategies based on the predicting models and the
fluctuating investor sentiment. Fourthly, the paper examines the impact of investor
sentiment on the various features of the Thai stock portfolio.
The paper's results suggest that 1) the customized investor sentiment has
researchable explanatory power to the Thai market index return. 2) the customized
investor sentiments significantly cause the return of the Thai stock market. 3) using
the rolling out-of-sample technique, the customized investor sentiment accurately
forecasts the Thai market index returns more than other empirical predictive models.
4) the trading strategy based on the customized investor sentiment model provides
higher predicted returns than trading strategies based on other empirical models. 5)
Thai stocks with high dividends, high tangible assets, high liability, low profitability,
and value premium are susceptible to customized investor sentiments.
developments in finance. The empirical literature includes developed stock markets.
However, emerging markets, notably the Thai stock market, lack study subjects. The
purpose is to deeply comprehend the link between investor sentiment and Thai stock
market return. The aims include customizing investor sentiment indices to explain
the Thai stock market index's movement, estimating investor sentiment's predictive
ability, providing stock investors with referable trading strategies, and providing
suggestions for cross-section equity selection.
This study initially employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to
customize the composite indices, called the investor sentiment indices, using the local
and global levels based on eight underlying indicators extracted from prior research.
Second, the paper examines and compares the forecasting performance of the
Martingale model, the Autoregression model, and the Multivariate Threshold
Autoregressive models (MTAR) using local and global sentiment indices. Thirdly,
the paper develops trading strategies based on the predicting models and the
fluctuating investor sentiment. Fourthly, the paper examines the impact of investor
sentiment on the various features of the Thai stock portfolio.
The paper's results suggest that 1) the customized investor sentiment has
researchable explanatory power to the Thai market index return. 2) the customized
investor sentiments significantly cause the return of the Thai stock market. 3) using
the rolling out-of-sample technique, the customized investor sentiment accurately
forecasts the Thai market index returns more than other empirical predictive models.
4) the trading strategy based on the customized investor sentiment model provides
higher predicted returns than trading strategies based on other empirical models. 5)
Thai stocks with high dividends, high tangible assets, high liability, low profitability,
and value premium are susceptible to customized investor sentiments.
2022
FT 24
Disaya Chayakul
The impact of COVID-19 on the volatility of REIT return and time-varying correlation between REIT and stock market
This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volatility of REITs indices in 8 different countries and the impact of COVID-19 on the correlation coefficient between REITs and stock indices for the same 8 countries. The result shows that there is evidence of the positive impact of the pandemic on the REITs market. An increase in daily cumulative cases is able to lead the REITs market to become more volatile which is in line with many studies
on the impact of the pandemic on different financial assets. Moreover, the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic situation itself is found to have a positive impact on the volatility of the REITs market as well. This study is the first to use the volatility of the growth rate of cases as a proxy for the uncertainty of the pandemic situation to investigate the impact of the uncertainty of the pandemic itself on the volatility of the REITs market. For the impact on the correlation between REITs and stock indices, the DCC-GARCH model is applied to investigate the impact of the pandemic on conditional correlations between REITs and stock markets. Most REITs markets in the study are found to be more correlated with the stock market during the pandemic. Furthermore, an increase in daily cumulative cases is found to be able to lead to an increase in correlation between REITs and stock indices in the majority of the country in this study. The results from this study in both the volatility aspects and the correlation aspects reveal that the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market is not only for the risk from investing in the REITs market but also for the diversification risk from including REITs in a stock portfolio. Overall, the findings from this study give investors an insight into the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market in both volatility and correlation aspects before including REITs in their portfolio. Investors should aware that the benefit of investing in REITs could be different from normal periods when there are no harms from the pandemic. In addition, policymakers are able to clearly see the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market and how important to control theCOVID-19 situation.
on the impact of the pandemic on different financial assets. Moreover, the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic situation itself is found to have a positive impact on the volatility of the REITs market as well. This study is the first to use the volatility of the growth rate of cases as a proxy for the uncertainty of the pandemic situation to investigate the impact of the uncertainty of the pandemic itself on the volatility of the REITs market. For the impact on the correlation between REITs and stock indices, the DCC-GARCH model is applied to investigate the impact of the pandemic on conditional correlations between REITs and stock markets. Most REITs markets in the study are found to be more correlated with the stock market during the pandemic. Furthermore, an increase in daily cumulative cases is found to be able to lead to an increase in correlation between REITs and stock indices in the majority of the country in this study. The results from this study in both the volatility aspects and the correlation aspects reveal that the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market is not only for the risk from investing in the REITs market but also for the diversification risk from including REITs in a stock portfolio. Overall, the findings from this study give investors an insight into the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market in both volatility and correlation aspects before including REITs in their portfolio. Investors should aware that the benefit of investing in REITs could be different from normal periods when there are no harms from the pandemic. In addition, policymakers are able to clearly see the impact of the pandemic on the REITs market and how important to control theCOVID-19 situation.
2022
FT 23
Noor Nayeem Hasnat Farhan
ACCRUAL-BASED EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AROUND TWO KEY CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REGULATORY REGIME CHANGES IN THAILAND
Two major corporate governance-related regulatory changes, one in 1999 and one in 2008, were implemented as a means to increase the independence of boards of directors of public companies in Thailand. I study whether each of these regulatory changes affects the degree of and leads to substitution of accrual-based earnings management (AEM) and real earnings management (REM), plus the effect of family ownership on the type and degree of earning management. The outcomes of the two regulatory changes are different with respect to earnings management. Univariate tests suggest no change in the levels of AEM and REM for the 1999 change. However, for the 2008 change, AEM decreases and REM increases, suggesting firms substitute between AEM and REM. Regression results suggests complementary relationship for regulatory change in 1999, however the results are not robust. Results for the 2008 regulatory change however provide robust evidence of a complementary relationship. The results are similar
for firms with higher ownership concentration.
for firms with higher ownership concentration.
2021
FX 15
Chaiwat Ratchawat
The impact of government response’s policy to COVID-19 on stock market volatility
This research explores the effect of government's COVID-19 response
policy on stock market volatility. We explain the stock market volatility dynamics
via the index that measures the strict level of government response’s policy to
COVID-19. Using EGARCH (1,1) model to identify stock market volatility from
daily stock market return of 68 countries and apply the Arellano–Bond two-step
system GMM estimator for dynamic panel data analysis, we found that the stock
market volatility in the COVID-19 period can be reduced by the government policy
response to COVID-19. Furthermore, after dividing the index into 3 types, all types
of policy also reduce the stock market volatility and the economic support policy has
the highest impact on the stock market volatility.
policy on stock market volatility. We explain the stock market volatility dynamics
via the index that measures the strict level of government response’s policy to
COVID-19. Using EGARCH (1,1) model to identify stock market volatility from
daily stock market return of 68 countries and apply the Arellano–Bond two-step
system GMM estimator for dynamic panel data analysis, we found that the stock
market volatility in the COVID-19 period can be reduced by the government policy
response to COVID-19. Furthermore, after dividing the index into 3 types, all types
of policy also reduce the stock market volatility and the economic support policy has
the highest impact on the stock market volatility.
2021
FX 15
Chalakorn Sathiwas
Examination of Facebook's Announcement Effect on Metaverse Tokens
In this research, we study an announcement effect of Facebook Inc.’s rebranding to Meta Platform Inc. in October 2021, as a flagship event that sheds spotlight to the metaverse business, on 50 metaverse-related cryptographic tokens. Using Google’s CausalImpact package in R with historical daily returns within -30,7 windows, the model expects a 11.80% counterfactual CAR but the actual CAR is 69.20%, indicating a 57.40% absolute effect of this announcement on aggregate metaverse tokens at 99% significant level.
We also further regress five factors, namely game-fi, marketplace, holders, illiquidity, and VC factor on the post-announcement CAR. However, the result is sparse. Only the constant and marketplace factor shows a positive and negative, respectively, impact at 90% level.
Our study makes two contributions; Firstly, the result indicates that metaverse tokens positively respond to the announcement in aggregate. Secondly, the abnormal returns of these tokens are mainly driven by the uniqueness of each token and the marketplace function is harmful to the abnormal returns.
We also further regress five factors, namely game-fi, marketplace, holders, illiquidity, and VC factor on the post-announcement CAR. However, the result is sparse. Only the constant and marketplace factor shows a positive and negative, respectively, impact at 90% level.
Our study makes two contributions; Firstly, the result indicates that metaverse tokens positively respond to the announcement in aggregate. Secondly, the abnormal returns of these tokens are mainly driven by the uniqueness of each token and the marketplace function is harmful to the abnormal returns.
2021
FX 15
Chapit Asirapongporn
Does accounting quality reduce external financial constraints?
This study investigates how accounting quality relates to
financial constraints at the firm level. In this study, our first hypothesis
is that higher accounting quality reduces financial constraints at the
firm level. Our second hypothesis is that higher accounting quality
reduces financial constraints more after IFRS adoption in 2011 than
before IFRS adoption in Thailand. Our third hypothesis is that higher
accounting quality reduces financial constraints more in state-owned
enterprises than in privately-owned enterprises. Lastly, auditing quality
could be another proxy of accounting quality. Therefore, our fourth
hypothesis is that higher auditing quality reduces financial constraints at
the firm level. In this study. Our results in the first hypothesis are
consistent for KZ index and WW index model. However, the results in
WW index model show a strong relation between accounting quality
and financial constraints when compared to KZ index model. Therefore,
we choose WW index to represent our results for hypothesis 2, 3 and 4.
For the second hypothesis, there is no statical evidence to support this
hypothesis. For the third hypothesis, our results are consistent with our
expectation. For the fourth hypothesis, our test results are consistent
with our expectation.
financial constraints at the firm level. In this study, our first hypothesis
is that higher accounting quality reduces financial constraints at the
firm level. Our second hypothesis is that higher accounting quality
reduces financial constraints more after IFRS adoption in 2011 than
before IFRS adoption in Thailand. Our third hypothesis is that higher
accounting quality reduces financial constraints more in state-owned
enterprises than in privately-owned enterprises. Lastly, auditing quality
could be another proxy of accounting quality. Therefore, our fourth
hypothesis is that higher auditing quality reduces financial constraints at
the firm level. In this study. Our results in the first hypothesis are
consistent for KZ index and WW index model. However, the results in
WW index model show a strong relation between accounting quality
and financial constraints when compared to KZ index model. Therefore,
we choose WW index to represent our results for hypothesis 2, 3 and 4.
For the second hypothesis, there is no statical evidence to support this
hypothesis. For the third hypothesis, our results are consistent with our
expectation. For the fourth hypothesis, our test results are consistent
with our expectation.
2021
FX 15
Chomtarn Junanukul
Do COVID-19 cases and government response to COVID-19 drive mispricing in cross-listed companies?
This research is to examine impact of COVID-19 cases and government
response to COVID-19 to cross-listed companies’ stock return, mispricing and
volatility of the mispricing, using evidence from 164 Canadian companies’ stocks
listed on Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX shares) and cross-listed in New York Stock
Exchange or NASDAQ (US shares).
Our results show that there is negative impact from growth of COVID-19
cases to stock return and positive impact from government response to COVID-19 to
stock return in both Canada and US. As for impact to mispricing, using price premium
of stock listed in Canada relative to US as a proxy, the results suggest that when we
implemented separate variables of growth of COVID-19 cases and government
response to COVID-19 for each country, only government response to COVID-19 in
Canada was found to have significant positive impact to the price premium. We have
further examined the impact by implemented variables of difference in COVID-19
cases growth and government response to COVID-19 between Canada and US
instead of separate variables for each country, the results showed that difference in
COVID-19 cases growth of Canada relative to US is significantly negatively related
to the price premium while difference in government response to COVID-19 cases is
significantly positively related to the price premium. As for impact to volatility of the
price premium, COVID-19 cases growth in US and government response in both
Canada and US are found to be positively related to volatility of the price premium.
response to COVID-19 to cross-listed companies’ stock return, mispricing and
volatility of the mispricing, using evidence from 164 Canadian companies’ stocks
listed on Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX shares) and cross-listed in New York Stock
Exchange or NASDAQ (US shares).
Our results show that there is negative impact from growth of COVID-19
cases to stock return and positive impact from government response to COVID-19 to
stock return in both Canada and US. As for impact to mispricing, using price premium
of stock listed in Canada relative to US as a proxy, the results suggest that when we
implemented separate variables of growth of COVID-19 cases and government
response to COVID-19 for each country, only government response to COVID-19 in
Canada was found to have significant positive impact to the price premium. We have
further examined the impact by implemented variables of difference in COVID-19
cases growth and government response to COVID-19 between Canada and US
instead of separate variables for each country, the results showed that difference in
COVID-19 cases growth of Canada relative to US is significantly negatively related
to the price premium while difference in government response to COVID-19 cases is
significantly positively related to the price premium. As for impact to volatility of the
price premium, COVID-19 cases growth in US and government response in both
Canada and US are found to be positively related to volatility of the price premium.
2021
FT 25
Duangporn Lertsomphol
The monetary policy transmission during the crisis: Evidence from Thailand
The interest rate pass-through is defined as the process by which changes
in policy or money market rate are transmitted to commercial bank rates. In
other words, monetary policy transmission is one of the useful tools for the
analysis of effective monetary policy decisions. This paper examines the
effectiveness of the interest rate passthrough from the money market rate to
various lending rates (MLR, MOR, and MRR) in Thailand from 2008 to 2021
including crisis periods, and also assesses the impact of bank characteristics.
Using the panel cointegration method and error correction model with monthly
data from individual commercial banks.
The results show the incomplete transmission of monetary policy to all
lending rates because of information asymmetry, costs, and market competition.
During the crisis periods, the monetary policy transmission tends to become
weaker since the distress causes higher risks and worse financial conditions.
With regard to bank characteristics, the capital ratio implies the regulatory
constraint, and the non-performing loan (NPL) ratio represents the quality of
assets in the bank’s portfolio, both lead to the diminishing passthrough in
Thailand.
in policy or money market rate are transmitted to commercial bank rates. In
other words, monetary policy transmission is one of the useful tools for the
analysis of effective monetary policy decisions. This paper examines the
effectiveness of the interest rate passthrough from the money market rate to
various lending rates (MLR, MOR, and MRR) in Thailand from 2008 to 2021
including crisis periods, and also assesses the impact of bank characteristics.
Using the panel cointegration method and error correction model with monthly
data from individual commercial banks.
The results show the incomplete transmission of monetary policy to all
lending rates because of information asymmetry, costs, and market competition.
During the crisis periods, the monetary policy transmission tends to become
weaker since the distress causes higher risks and worse financial conditions.
With regard to bank characteristics, the capital ratio implies the regulatory
constraint, and the non-performing loan (NPL) ratio represents the quality of
assets in the bank’s portfolio, both lead to the diminishing passthrough in
Thailand.
2021
FX 15
Jakkrapob Choojan
The Impacts of Credit Rating Changes on Firm's Dividend Payout and Investment Policies - Evidence in Thailand
This paper studies relationship between impacts of change in credit rating
on firm's dividend payout and investment policies. We use data from listed companies
in Stock Exchange of Thailand during 2000 - 2021. This paper applies fixed effect
ordinary least squares to evaluate impacts of change in credit rating. From this paper,
downgraded firms will decrease dividend payout and investment. However,
upgraded firms will increase dividend payout and investment. Moreover, this paper
studies relationship between impacts of change in credit rating on firm's investment
efficiency. From this paper, downgraded firms will overinvest and upgraded firms
will underinvest. This paper provides information or guidances to debtholders and
shareholders to evaluate the firm is worth to invest.
on firm's dividend payout and investment policies. We use data from listed companies
in Stock Exchange of Thailand during 2000 - 2021. This paper applies fixed effect
ordinary least squares to evaluate impacts of change in credit rating. From this paper,
downgraded firms will decrease dividend payout and investment. However,
upgraded firms will increase dividend payout and investment. Moreover, this paper
studies relationship between impacts of change in credit rating on firm's investment
efficiency. From this paper, downgraded firms will overinvest and upgraded firms
will underinvest. This paper provides information or guidances to debtholders and
shareholders to evaluate the firm is worth to invest.
This study investigates whether firms tax avoidance activities have an impact on the perception that shareholders have with regards to firms’ value. This paper analyzes whether the statutory tax rate has an impact on the companies’ tax behavior and whether there is a relation between tax avoidance and firm value in the Stock exchange of Thailand during 2 distinct periods (2009-2011 & 2016-2019). The method employed compares firms’ value and tax differences between the period specific statutory tax rates and the firm effective tax rate in that period.
The findings indicate that a change in statutory tax rate indeed has an impact on the firms’ tax behavior. However, the relation between tax avoidance and firm value cannot be proved as it is not significant enough.
The findings indicate that a change in statutory tax rate indeed has an impact on the firms’ tax behavior. However, the relation between tax avoidance and firm value cannot be proved as it is not significant enough.
The purpose of this paper is to find the effect from SPAC sponsor
after the merger announcement. I study SPAC IPOs which had acquiror
and target nation in the United States and were public between January
2020 and December 2021. The final sample has 186 SPACs. I select The
Forbes 400 in 2021 as a proxy for sponsor reputation. I use event study
methodology to test for SPAC sponsors and their effects on SPAC prices.
I find that there is no statistical evidence that sponsor reputation has
impact on SPACs price on the announcement date of combination. There
are two possible plausible explanations for this finding. 1) SPACs are
structured and behave unlike any other asset class in the markets. 2) The
Forbes 400 in 2021 that use as a proxy for sponsor reputation in this paper
may not be appropriate for the study. Moreover, I cannot find the
evidence that SPACs with technology company has impact on SPACs
price on the announcement date of combination. Because investor trading
behavior is bizarre, and SPACs are structured and behave unlike any
other asset class in the markets.
after the merger announcement. I study SPAC IPOs which had acquiror
and target nation in the United States and were public between January
2020 and December 2021. The final sample has 186 SPACs. I select The
Forbes 400 in 2021 as a proxy for sponsor reputation. I use event study
methodology to test for SPAC sponsors and their effects on SPAC prices.
I find that there is no statistical evidence that sponsor reputation has
impact on SPACs price on the announcement date of combination. There
are two possible plausible explanations for this finding. 1) SPACs are
structured and behave unlike any other asset class in the markets. 2) The
Forbes 400 in 2021 that use as a proxy for sponsor reputation in this paper
may not be appropriate for the study. Moreover, I cannot find the
evidence that SPACs with technology company has impact on SPACs
price on the announcement date of combination. Because investor trading
behavior is bizarre, and SPACs are structured and behave unlike any
other asset class in the markets.
2021
FT 23
Kavisara Vachekrilas
How sensitive are IPOs to the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic in emerging markets?
This study investigates the relationship between COVID-19-related pandemic fear and the short-term performance of initial public offerings in emerging markets. This paper investigates whether the short-term fear of COVID-19 continues to influence post-IPO performance. In doing so, the fundamental methodology is cross-sectional ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and numerous variables are included to the model as control variables.
The results show that whether looking at the first-day trading price of an IPO or the subsequent trading prices, the effect of pandemic fear (GFI, RCI and RDI) was positive. However, results were somewhat different for HighGFI, which was a dummy variable indicating severity of fear as they were negative in all cases. These results conclude that investors are not making IPO decisions in the first few days, but that over time the effect of high pandemic fear accumulates and suppresses subsequent trading prices.
The results show that whether looking at the first-day trading price of an IPO or the subsequent trading prices, the effect of pandemic fear (GFI, RCI and RDI) was positive. However, results were somewhat different for HighGFI, which was a dummy variable indicating severity of fear as they were negative in all cases. These results conclude that investors are not making IPO decisions in the first few days, but that over time the effect of high pandemic fear accumulates and suppresses subsequent trading prices.
2021
FX 15
Korn Kongkittiwong
Diversification benefits of domestic and international REITs for SET Index before and during Covid-19 crisis
This study examines the diversification benefit of Thailand, the US, Europe,
Singapore, and Japan REIT indices for the SET index. The time scope for this study
starts from 1st January 2011 to 31th January 2022. It also compares the diversification
benefit degree between pre and during Covid-19 periods. The DCC-GARCH model
is used for the diversification benefit examination. The results posit 3 main points.
First, all the REIT indices provide diversification benefit for the SET index. Second,
the Covid-19 pandemic reduces diversification benefit generated by the US, Europe,
and Japan REIT indices. Finally, the US provides the highest diversification benefit
to the SET index among the others.
Singapore, and Japan REIT indices for the SET index. The time scope for this study
starts from 1st January 2011 to 31th January 2022. It also compares the diversification
benefit degree between pre and during Covid-19 periods. The DCC-GARCH model
is used for the diversification benefit examination. The results posit 3 main points.
First, all the REIT indices provide diversification benefit for the SET index. Second,
the Covid-19 pandemic reduces diversification benefit generated by the US, Europe,
and Japan REIT indices. Finally, the US provides the highest diversification benefit
to the SET index among the others.
2021
FT 25
Nakarin Chanachaivorakorn
Effect of Dividend on Derivative Warrants : Evidence from Stock Exchange of Thailand
The purpose of this paper is to investigate mispricing of
derivative warrants on ex-dividend date. Using data from the
Stock Exchange of Thailand during 2010 to 2020, this research
examines mispricing of derivative warrants by comparing the
market price to the theoretical price, which incorporates the
adjustment of exercise price and ratio on ex-dividend date
according to the rules given by SET. This research also studies
further by investigating the magnitude of impact from the
dividend yield of underlying asset. The empirical results show
strong evidence of mispricing in call derivative warrants,
whereas put derivative warrants are found to be weakly
statistically overpriced. Furthermore, dividend yield of
underlying asset is indeed highly correlated to the magnitude of
mispricing, as high dividend yield stocks have more
underpriced call derivative warrants and as well more
overpriced put derivative warrants.
derivative warrants on ex-dividend date. Using data from the
Stock Exchange of Thailand during 2010 to 2020, this research
examines mispricing of derivative warrants by comparing the
market price to the theoretical price, which incorporates the
adjustment of exercise price and ratio on ex-dividend date
according to the rules given by SET. This research also studies
further by investigating the magnitude of impact from the
dividend yield of underlying asset. The empirical results show
strong evidence of mispricing in call derivative warrants,
whereas put derivative warrants are found to be weakly
statistically overpriced. Furthermore, dividend yield of
underlying asset is indeed highly correlated to the magnitude of
mispricing, as high dividend yield stocks have more
underpriced call derivative warrants and as well more
overpriced put derivative warrants.
2021
FT 25
Nutcha Kongpreecha
The impact of ESG performance on firm-idiosyncratic risk in the US and Canada
This paper aims to examine how environmental, social, and
governance (ESG) performance affects the idiosyncratic risk of firms in
the United States and Canada between 2007 and 2020. This study retrieves
ESG scores and other factors from the Refinitiv DataStream, the firms used
for analysis in this paper are 480 listed companies. Results show that ESG
performance can reduce idiosyncratic risk in different firms' characteristics
and periods. First, ESG performance can subdue the idiosyncratic risk in
both sensitive and non-sensitive industries at the same level. Second, only
the environmental pillar in the sensitive industry has an additional negative
influence on idiosyncratic risk due to the concentration in environmentally
sensitive industries of the samples. Third, high market value firms tend to
benefit more from improving ESG performance than low market value
firms. Fourth, the effect size of ESG performance on idiosyncratic risk of
low leverage firms is larger than high leverage firms. Fifth, ESG practice
shows a more considerable effect in times of recession periods compared
to normal periods. Lastly, ESG performance can subdue idiosyncratic risk
of firms in covid-19 period higher than in pre-covid-19 periods.
governance (ESG) performance affects the idiosyncratic risk of firms in
the United States and Canada between 2007 and 2020. This study retrieves
ESG scores and other factors from the Refinitiv DataStream, the firms used
for analysis in this paper are 480 listed companies. Results show that ESG
performance can reduce idiosyncratic risk in different firms' characteristics
and periods. First, ESG performance can subdue the idiosyncratic risk in
both sensitive and non-sensitive industries at the same level. Second, only
the environmental pillar in the sensitive industry has an additional negative
influence on idiosyncratic risk due to the concentration in environmentally
sensitive industries of the samples. Third, high market value firms tend to
benefit more from improving ESG performance than low market value
firms. Fourth, the effect size of ESG performance on idiosyncratic risk of
low leverage firms is larger than high leverage firms. Fifth, ESG practice
shows a more considerable effect in times of recession periods compared
to normal periods. Lastly, ESG performance can subdue idiosyncratic risk
of firms in covid-19 period higher than in pre-covid-19 periods.
This paper finds empirical evidence of the beta anomaly
in the European REIT market in the period 2012 – 2021. The
alpha of a low minus high beta strategy is positive and
statistically significant which can interpret that the low beta
REITs have a higher risk-adjusted return than high beta
REITs. To examine the explanation behind the beta anomaly,
the controlling variables which may cause the beta anomaly
including the lottery-like stock return factor, the skewness
factor, and the institutional ownership factor are added into the
Fama-French 3-factor model. For the result, only the
institutional ownership factor which refers to the leverage
constraint hypothesis shows a significant relation with REIT
returns. To examine that the beta anomaly is a demonstration
of the leverage constraint hypothesis, the result of pooled OLS
regression shows a significant relationship between REIT
betas and institutional ownership.
in the European REIT market in the period 2012 – 2021. The
alpha of a low minus high beta strategy is positive and
statistically significant which can interpret that the low beta
REITs have a higher risk-adjusted return than high beta
REITs. To examine the explanation behind the beta anomaly,
the controlling variables which may cause the beta anomaly
including the lottery-like stock return factor, the skewness
factor, and the institutional ownership factor are added into the
Fama-French 3-factor model. For the result, only the
institutional ownership factor which refers to the leverage
constraint hypothesis shows a significant relation with REIT
returns. To examine that the beta anomaly is a demonstration
of the leverage constraint hypothesis, the result of pooled OLS
regression shows a significant relationship between REIT
betas and institutional ownership.
2021
FT 25
Omtong Kasemsant
Are short sellers equally informed? Evidence from the US. Credit rating announcements
This study uses credit rating and daily short sale data of
firms listed in NYSE from January 2015 to December 2021 to
examine whether there is informed trading. Although postannouncement abnormal return is negatively correlated with
abnormal short volume, no evidence of informed short selling
is found. Higher level of pre-announcement abnormal short
selling is positively correlated to default risk and also
explained by the incentives of short sellers to short more when
past returns are negative. Furthermore, increase in short selling
that is preceded by credit watch placement is more pronounced
before credit rating downgrades. Moreover, the evidence
shows that cumulative abnormal return pre-announcement is
positively and significantly correlated with the abnormal short
sale activities pre-announcement. Lastly, this study provides
evidence that institutional investors or medium or large trade
size increase short position more heavily than smaller trade
sizes.
firms listed in NYSE from January 2015 to December 2021 to
examine whether there is informed trading. Although postannouncement abnormal return is negatively correlated with
abnormal short volume, no evidence of informed short selling
is found. Higher level of pre-announcement abnormal short
selling is positively correlated to default risk and also
explained by the incentives of short sellers to short more when
past returns are negative. Furthermore, increase in short selling
that is preceded by credit watch placement is more pronounced
before credit rating downgrades. Moreover, the evidence
shows that cumulative abnormal return pre-announcement is
positively and significantly correlated with the abnormal short
sale activities pre-announcement. Lastly, this study provides
evidence that institutional investors or medium or large trade
size increase short position more heavily than smaller trade
sizes.
2021
FX 15
Patcharee Sae-Tiaw
Does Bond Market Development impact the Flight-to-Quality from Stock to Bond during COVID-19?
This paper analyzed flight to quality effect from stocks to government
bonds in 46 countries including developed and emerging countries during COVID
pandemic. The empirical result from panel data framework shows that the flights
exist and government bonds remain offered diversification benefit to investors
when they are most needed. The negative stock-bond correlation was also amplified
when pandemic is more severe in developed countries. Moreover, this study reveals
that countries with a higher degree of bond market development can support bonds
act as a safe haven better and have more negative in stock-bond correlation.
bonds in 46 countries including developed and emerging countries during COVID
pandemic. The empirical result from panel data framework shows that the flights
exist and government bonds remain offered diversification benefit to investors
when they are most needed. The negative stock-bond correlation was also amplified
when pandemic is more severe in developed countries. Moreover, this study reveals
that countries with a higher degree of bond market development can support bonds
act as a safe haven better and have more negative in stock-bond correlation.
2021
FT 25
Phuket Kumhangphon
The Impact of Derivative Warrant Introduction: Evidence from Stock Exchange of Thailand
The impact that derivative instrument has on the underlying stocks is important for
regulators and investors to concern. This paper tries to examine the impact of derivative warrant
introduction on liquidity (measured by trading volume) and risk (measure by volatility and
systematic risk beta) of the underlying stocks in stock exchange of Thailand. This paper examines
the impact on trading volume by using t-test for testing the equality of two means between prederivative warrant introduction period and post-derivative warrant introduction period and using
dummy variable regression for finding a change in the underlying’s trading volume after the
introduction of derivative warrant. For the impact on the underlying’s risk, this paper uses f-test
to determine the equality of two variance by using the ratio of variance between pre-derivative
warrant introduction period and post-derivative warrant introduction period and also uses
GARCH (1,1) model with dummy variable to find a change in volatility of the underlying stocks
after derivative warrant introduction, the dummy variable is also applied to investigate a change
in the underlying’s beta after derivative warrant introduction.
Overall, the results from the impact after derivative warrant introduction, reduction in
liquidity, reduction in volatility and no change in systematic risk beta, could provide additional
information for regulators to improve market efficiency and for investors to enhance their trading
strategy.
regulators and investors to concern. This paper tries to examine the impact of derivative warrant
introduction on liquidity (measured by trading volume) and risk (measure by volatility and
systematic risk beta) of the underlying stocks in stock exchange of Thailand. This paper examines
the impact on trading volume by using t-test for testing the equality of two means between prederivative warrant introduction period and post-derivative warrant introduction period and using
dummy variable regression for finding a change in the underlying’s trading volume after the
introduction of derivative warrant. For the impact on the underlying’s risk, this paper uses f-test
to determine the equality of two variance by using the ratio of variance between pre-derivative
warrant introduction period and post-derivative warrant introduction period and also uses
GARCH (1,1) model with dummy variable to find a change in volatility of the underlying stocks
after derivative warrant introduction, the dummy variable is also applied to investigate a change
in the underlying’s beta after derivative warrant introduction.
Overall, the results from the impact after derivative warrant introduction, reduction in
liquidity, reduction in volatility and no change in systematic risk beta, could provide additional
information for regulators to improve market efficiency and for investors to enhance their trading
strategy.
2021
FX 15
Pimpimuk Rodnikorn
The inflation hedging ability of real estate investment in Thailand
This study is conducted with the purpose to investigate the inflation hedging
ability of real estate investment, both direct and indirect, including single-houses, town
houses, condominium, and SETPREIT in Thailand. The Johansen cointegration test
was used to akishort run dynamic movements, the Vector Error Correction (VEC)
model for cointegrated time series was applied to analyze. In addition, Granger
causality test is conducted to see whether the cause of inflation is independent from the
movements in the price of real estate assets. In addition, the impulse response functions,
and variance decompositions were also incorporated with the purpose to emphasis the
impact of the real estate investment to inflation and vice versa.
The empirical findings, obtaining through the cointegration tests suggest that
there is an existence of the long-run relationship between the price of properties,
including townhouse, condominium and SETPREIT. With the long-term relationship
existing between the real estate assets, and inflation, these real estate assets have an
ability to hedge against inflation (Gunasekarage, 2008); (Le Moigne & Viveiros, 2020);
(Taderera, 2019). Therefore, in summary in the long run, the real estate assets, including
townhouse, condominium, and SETPREIT can be applied as a hedge against inflation.
In the short run, the result suggests that condominium and SETPREIT have
dynamic relationships with inflation. The Granger causality suggests that the direction
of causality is from the price of condominium and SETPREIT to inflation, which
implies that the past information and the variations of the price of condominium and
SETPREIT can be used to predict inflation. Consequently, the price of real estate assets
in Thailand, consisting condominium and SETPREIT are considered to have an
influence on the variation of inflation.
ability of real estate investment, both direct and indirect, including single-houses, town
houses, condominium, and SETPREIT in Thailand. The Johansen cointegration test
was used to akishort run dynamic movements, the Vector Error Correction (VEC)
model for cointegrated time series was applied to analyze. In addition, Granger
causality test is conducted to see whether the cause of inflation is independent from the
movements in the price of real estate assets. In addition, the impulse response functions,
and variance decompositions were also incorporated with the purpose to emphasis the
impact of the real estate investment to inflation and vice versa.
The empirical findings, obtaining through the cointegration tests suggest that
there is an existence of the long-run relationship between the price of properties,
including townhouse, condominium and SETPREIT. With the long-term relationship
existing between the real estate assets, and inflation, these real estate assets have an
ability to hedge against inflation (Gunasekarage, 2008); (Le Moigne & Viveiros, 2020);
(Taderera, 2019). Therefore, in summary in the long run, the real estate assets, including
townhouse, condominium, and SETPREIT can be applied as a hedge against inflation.
In the short run, the result suggests that condominium and SETPREIT have
dynamic relationships with inflation. The Granger causality suggests that the direction
of causality is from the price of condominium and SETPREIT to inflation, which
implies that the past information and the variations of the price of condominium and
SETPREIT can be used to predict inflation. Consequently, the price of real estate assets
in Thailand, consisting condominium and SETPREIT are considered to have an
influence on the variation of inflation.
2021
FX 15
Piyamart Srithanomwong
Does Size Really Matter? in Mergers of Equals: An Event Study
This research presents empirical studies on the impact of mergers of equals
on shareholders’ wealth. Due to integration problems between combining
corporations, Daimler-Chrysler merger failures caused the corporate sector to think
that mergers of equals erode shareholder wealth. However, it is based on a small
proportion of MOE transactions, and there is no empirical evidence on the
shareholder’s return on the announcement date implications of MOEs related to the
size of the merger. I provide this research knowledge for the shareholder wealth at
the announcement date for the implications of MOEs related to the size effect of the
merger.
Furthermore, MOE characteristics associated with shareholder wealth
impacts are evaluated to assess MOEs. Two tests will be used to determine the
optimal structure of MOE transactions: i) small-size and large-size MOEs – to
determine whether the merger abnormal return is determined by the size of the
acquirer and target firms. ii) local and cross-border MOEs – to determine whether
local or cross-border mergers outperformed in terms of abnormal returns at
announcement date in MOE transactions.
on shareholders’ wealth. Due to integration problems between combining
corporations, Daimler-Chrysler merger failures caused the corporate sector to think
that mergers of equals erode shareholder wealth. However, it is based on a small
proportion of MOE transactions, and there is no empirical evidence on the
shareholder’s return on the announcement date implications of MOEs related to the
size of the merger. I provide this research knowledge for the shareholder wealth at
the announcement date for the implications of MOEs related to the size effect of the
merger.
Furthermore, MOE characteristics associated with shareholder wealth
impacts are evaluated to assess MOEs. Two tests will be used to determine the
optimal structure of MOE transactions: i) small-size and large-size MOEs – to
determine whether the merger abnormal return is determined by the size of the
acquirer and target firms. ii) local and cross-border MOEs – to determine whether
local or cross-border mergers outperformed in terms of abnormal returns at
announcement date in MOE transactions.
2021
FX 15
Pornthip Supasinthanaphat
Mutual fund performance evaluation with active peer benchmarks of domestic equity funds in Thailand
We use the active peer benchmarks (APB) methodology suggested by Hunter et al.
(2014) to capture commonalities or common idiosyncratic noise in fund strategies. These
commonalities cannot be captured by the Carhart 4-factor model and it also decreases the
accuracy in fund performance evaluation. Firstly, we examine the efficiency of the APB
methodology compared with the Carhart 4-factor model. Then we also use the APB methodology
to evaluate the performance of actively managed Thai open-end domestic equity funds from
January 2006 through December 2020. In the APB methodology, we focus on two dimensions:
fund returns and the fund’s investment objectives. Our study applies the Carhart 4-factor model
with the added benchmark that indicates an equal investment in each fund included in the
category as a whole. We call this additional benchmark an "active peer benchmark" (APB). We
discover that the active peer benchmark (APB) methodology is able to decrease the average time
series pair-wise residual correlations between individual funds in the same APB category when
we add the APB factors to the Carhart 4-factor model, which increases the accuracy in fund
performance assessment. This active peer benchmarks methodology is also able to determine
which mutual funds within each peer group are performing the best.
(2014) to capture commonalities or common idiosyncratic noise in fund strategies. These
commonalities cannot be captured by the Carhart 4-factor model and it also decreases the
accuracy in fund performance evaluation. Firstly, we examine the efficiency of the APB
methodology compared with the Carhart 4-factor model. Then we also use the APB methodology
to evaluate the performance of actively managed Thai open-end domestic equity funds from
January 2006 through December 2020. In the APB methodology, we focus on two dimensions:
fund returns and the fund’s investment objectives. Our study applies the Carhart 4-factor model
with the added benchmark that indicates an equal investment in each fund included in the
category as a whole. We call this additional benchmark an "active peer benchmark" (APB). We
discover that the active peer benchmark (APB) methodology is able to decrease the average time
series pair-wise residual correlations between individual funds in the same APB category when
we add the APB factors to the Carhart 4-factor model, which increases the accuracy in fund
performance assessment. This active peer benchmarks methodology is also able to determine
which mutual funds within each peer group are performing the best.
2021
FX 15
Pranittra Ritthiwitthayasakun
The impact of institutional ownership and valuation on stock price around SET50 index inclusion and exclusion
This study examines the impact of institutional ownership and valuation on
stock price around the changes in index constituents. Specifically, this paper studies
the significant SET50 index during the period of 2014 – 2021. According to the
empirical result, there is an asymmetric price response between index additions and
index deletions. The effects from exclusions are considerably stronger than from
inclusions. The findings also show that percentage ownership of institutional
investors and abnormal return are positively correlated in case of exclusions but not
for inclusions (though insignificant). Companies deleted from the index result in
lower institutional holdings and subsequently exhibit lower share prices. Moreover,
stock valuation has no effect on stock price in response to the announcement of
index inclusion and exclusion.
stock price around the changes in index constituents. Specifically, this paper studies
the significant SET50 index during the period of 2014 – 2021. According to the
empirical result, there is an asymmetric price response between index additions and
index deletions. The effects from exclusions are considerably stronger than from
inclusions. The findings also show that percentage ownership of institutional
investors and abnormal return are positively correlated in case of exclusions but not
for inclusions (though insignificant). Companies deleted from the index result in
lower institutional holdings and subsequently exhibit lower share prices. Moreover,
stock valuation has no effect on stock price in response to the announcement of
index inclusion and exclusion.
2021
FT 22
Preeyada Kanakupt
Do domestic institutional investors always win? (Evidence from
the Stock Exchange of Thailand)
the Stock Exchange of Thailand)
This study investigates whether momentum strategy trading and aggressiveness trading can cause the inferior trading performance among domestic individual, domestic institutional and foreign investors from 2013 to 2017. This paper applies trade price ratio calculation to compare performance of each investor and two metrics models to estimate aggressiveness of each investor as the estimation method. Moreover, price impact of intra-day intensive trading is also applied to provide explanation to the inferior performance of foreign investors.
The findings indicate that foreign investors are trading at worse prices in all different trade sizes during the sample period and are more aggressive. However, the results are mixed in buy and sell trade prices. Foreign investors tend to trade momentum following previous short-time positive returns, and aggressive trading behavior cannot explain all the inferior trading performance of foreign investors. The price impact results can be concluded that the impact is very small.
The findings indicate that foreign investors are trading at worse prices in all different trade sizes during the sample period and are more aggressive. However, the results are mixed in buy and sell trade prices. Foreign investors tend to trade momentum following previous short-time positive returns, and aggressive trading behavior cannot explain all the inferior trading performance of foreign investors. The price impact results can be concluded that the impact is very small.
2021
FT 24
Shilei Sun
The co-movement between equity markets of Thailand and China: A wavelet-based approach
This paper applied the MODWT wavelet method to decompose
correlations of the stock market of Thailand and China into different time scales
and frequencies. The decomposed correlations are then examined and compared
between short-term and long-term, and also between different time periods when
the interdependence of two markets is expected to change. The result shows that
long-term correlation is not significantly higher and sometimes is significantly
lower than the short-term, whereas the correlation does significantly increase from
2005 to 2020. Furthermore, the paper investigates the effectiveness of using the
correlation in the suitable time scale and frequency in an application of a minimum
variance portfolio. By comparing the traditional correlation and correlation obtained
from the wavelet method, we found that the minimum variance portfolio from the
wavelet method performs better. The result implied that the wavelet method support
investors and policymakers to understand the linkage between two markets and
make better decisions based on the co-movement of returns.
correlations of the stock market of Thailand and China into different time scales
and frequencies. The decomposed correlations are then examined and compared
between short-term and long-term, and also between different time periods when
the interdependence of two markets is expected to change. The result shows that
long-term correlation is not significantly higher and sometimes is significantly
lower than the short-term, whereas the correlation does significantly increase from
2005 to 2020. Furthermore, the paper investigates the effectiveness of using the
correlation in the suitable time scale and frequency in an application of a minimum
variance portfolio. By comparing the traditional correlation and correlation obtained
from the wavelet method, we found that the minimum variance portfolio from the
wavelet method performs better. The result implied that the wavelet method support
investors and policymakers to understand the linkage between two markets and
make better decisions based on the co-movement of returns.
2021
FT 24
Sita Khan
Diversification Benefits of Commodity Indices versus Islamic Stock Indices
The objective of this study is to investigate conditional correlations between
the Dow Jones Emerging Market index and commodity indices (i.e., agriculture,
energy, industrial metals, livestock, precious metals) and Islamic stock indices (i.e.,
JKII, KLFTEMSI, MSCI Bahrain, MSCI Kuwait, and MSCI Qatar). Additionally,
this paper classifies the properties of assets whether it is a diversifier, a hedger, or a
safe-haven assets to the Dow Jones Emerging Market index. The estimation method
is the dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional
heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model to estimate the conditional correlations
during the period of 2007-2021 which covers the Global financial crisis (GFC) and
Covid-19 pandemic. The finding indicates that all commodity and Islamic stock
indices serve as a diversifier in general. However, MSCI Bahrain, MSCI Kuwait, and
precious metals act as a safe-haven asset during certain periods of the GFC and
Covid-19 crises. Interestingly, KLFTEMSI and JKII present the highest hedging
effectiveness over the study period.
the Dow Jones Emerging Market index and commodity indices (i.e., agriculture,
energy, industrial metals, livestock, precious metals) and Islamic stock indices (i.e.,
JKII, KLFTEMSI, MSCI Bahrain, MSCI Kuwait, and MSCI Qatar). Additionally,
this paper classifies the properties of assets whether it is a diversifier, a hedger, or a
safe-haven assets to the Dow Jones Emerging Market index. The estimation method
is the dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional
heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model to estimate the conditional correlations
during the period of 2007-2021 which covers the Global financial crisis (GFC) and
Covid-19 pandemic. The finding indicates that all commodity and Islamic stock
indices serve as a diversifier in general. However, MSCI Bahrain, MSCI Kuwait, and
precious metals act as a safe-haven asset during certain periods of the GFC and
Covid-19 crises. Interestingly, KLFTEMSI and JKII present the highest hedging
effectiveness over the study period.
2021
FT 25
Suphawit Keakultanes
Is cryptocurrency a hedge, safe haven, diversifier against Thailand, Indonesia, Philippine stock market on pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19?
This research study whether cryptocurrencies act as a hedge, safe haven or
diversifier against Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia stock exchange market.
Using DCC-GARCH model and hypothesis test, we examine the hedge ratio and the
conditional correlation between cryptocurrencies and TIP’s stock exchange
market. The sample cover data on the return of the TIP’s index, Bitcoin, Ethereum,
Tether and Litecoin from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021. The empirical
results show that traditional cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Litecoin can act as
diversifier, Ethereum can act as hedge instrument in PSEI index. Tether can act as
the hedge and safe haven in PSEI and JKSE index. The safe-haven capability of
Tether can change across market condition. The benefits of this research are to help
investors the important understanding into diversification of cryptocurrencies.
Moreover, authorities and governments would be interested in our findings if they
were to engage in a deeper discussion on the role of cryptocurrencies in financial
markets. This study contributes to the continuing discussion regarding the investment
potential of cryptocurrencies.
diversifier against Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia stock exchange market.
Using DCC-GARCH model and hypothesis test, we examine the hedge ratio and the
conditional correlation between cryptocurrencies and TIP’s stock exchange
market. The sample cover data on the return of the TIP’s index, Bitcoin, Ethereum,
Tether and Litecoin from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2021. The empirical
results show that traditional cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Litecoin can act as
diversifier, Ethereum can act as hedge instrument in PSEI index. Tether can act as
the hedge and safe haven in PSEI and JKSE index. The safe-haven capability of
Tether can change across market condition. The benefits of this research are to help
investors the important understanding into diversification of cryptocurrencies.
Moreover, authorities and governments would be interested in our findings if they
were to engage in a deeper discussion on the role of cryptocurrencies in financial
markets. This study contributes to the continuing discussion regarding the investment
potential of cryptocurrencies.
2021
FT 25
Talatarn Kromadit
Market Reactions toward Changes in Analysts’ Ratings and Target Prices, Evidence from Thailand
This paper aims to perform a comprehensive analysis of the effects of the stock ratings and target
prices announcement published by analysts from both domestic and foreign brokerage firms in the Thai
market. There are two quantitative indicators that will be focused on in this study, target prices and stocks
rating, by observing the change of these two factors along with the change of market price, I will be able to
study market reaction by using the Fama-French 3-factor modal (Fama and French, 1992) to detect AR and
CAR within each focused window period. The observation period starts from January 2, 2019to December
30, 2021.
This research is believed to be one of not many of Thai research that study an up-to-date and indepth market movement according to the change of analyst’ views towards stocks. In addition to the impact
of rating and target price changes on the stock price individually, this research also analyses the combined
effects of the 2 focused key variables. The results a significant correlation between announcements and
market price movement as there is a significantly positive AAR and ACAR when ratings and target prices
are upgraded and significantly negative AAR and ACAR when they are downgraded.
prices announcement published by analysts from both domestic and foreign brokerage firms in the Thai
market. There are two quantitative indicators that will be focused on in this study, target prices and stocks
rating, by observing the change of these two factors along with the change of market price, I will be able to
study market reaction by using the Fama-French 3-factor modal (Fama and French, 1992) to detect AR and
CAR within each focused window period. The observation period starts from January 2, 2019to December
30, 2021.
This research is believed to be one of not many of Thai research that study an up-to-date and indepth market movement according to the change of analyst’ views towards stocks. In addition to the impact
of rating and target price changes on the stock price individually, this research also analyses the combined
effects of the 2 focused key variables. The results a significant correlation between announcements and
market price movement as there is a significantly positive AAR and ACAR when ratings and target prices
are upgraded and significantly negative AAR and ACAR when they are downgraded.
2021
FX 15
Tanyatorn Kulalert
The effect of female board on firm value : Evidence from the Asia Pacific
This paper examines the relationship between board gender diversity and
firm value of companies in the Asia-Pacific from 2011 to 2020. Fixed effects and
two-stage least squares are employed to deal with endogeneity. We find that
increasing female directors to the board has a positive and significant effect on firm
value as measured by Tobin’s Q. The result suggests that independent directors
have a positive and significant impact on firm value. However, when the board is
composed of independent directors, appointing female directors decreases the firm's
value owing to over monitoring. Furthermore, the positive effect of female directors
appears to be diminished in countries with higher corruption environments. This
may be attributable to the fact that gender diversity reduces board corruption.
Overall, we suggest that the present of female directors or mandating gender quotas
on board can reduce firm value in countries where corruption is high.
firm value of companies in the Asia-Pacific from 2011 to 2020. Fixed effects and
two-stage least squares are employed to deal with endogeneity. We find that
increasing female directors to the board has a positive and significant effect on firm
value as measured by Tobin’s Q. The result suggests that independent directors
have a positive and significant impact on firm value. However, when the board is
composed of independent directors, appointing female directors decreases the firm's
value owing to over monitoring. Furthermore, the positive effect of female directors
appears to be diminished in countries with higher corruption environments. This
may be attributable to the fact that gender diversity reduces board corruption.
Overall, we suggest that the present of female directors or mandating gender quotas
on board can reduce firm value in countries where corruption is high.
2021
FX 15
Theerapong Theerahsapphawittaya
The Hedging Effectiveness of Disruptive Technology ETFs to Asia Emerging Markets
This study examines the role of hedge and safe haven of four disruptive
technology ETFs to six Asia emerging markets and assess whether if COVID-19
pandemic has altered the dynamic conditional correlations and hedge effectiveness
between these assets. Using daily return data from February 23, 2018 to January 28,
2022, first, the results indicate that despite the outperformance of disruptive
technology ETF’s returns during COVID-19 pandemic, these ETFs do not have a
hedge or safe haven property against Asia emerging market downturns as their
returns were still positively correlated. They can only be used as diversifier tools to
the Asia emerging markets. Second, the changes in the dynamic conditional
correlations between the ETFs and Asia emerging markets were identified in which
majority of the ETFs were found to have higher correlations with the emerging
markets during COVID-19 period. This implies that the optimal hedge ratio or
hedging cost between these assets were increased during the pandemic. Third, this
study found that the disruptive technology ETFs can provide higher hedge
effectiveness against Asia emerging markets during COVID-19 period than normal
period due to shorting a unit of the ETF can reduce variance of the long-only
portfolio in Asia emerging market by larger magnitude. Hence, these ETFs can be
used as hedging tools to minimize the risk of Asia emerging market portfolio. This
study provides insights for investors to formulate hedging strategies and determine
portfolio diversification by thematic technology ETFs.
technology ETFs to six Asia emerging markets and assess whether if COVID-19
pandemic has altered the dynamic conditional correlations and hedge effectiveness
between these assets. Using daily return data from February 23, 2018 to January 28,
2022, first, the results indicate that despite the outperformance of disruptive
technology ETF’s returns during COVID-19 pandemic, these ETFs do not have a
hedge or safe haven property against Asia emerging market downturns as their
returns were still positively correlated. They can only be used as diversifier tools to
the Asia emerging markets. Second, the changes in the dynamic conditional
correlations between the ETFs and Asia emerging markets were identified in which
majority of the ETFs were found to have higher correlations with the emerging
markets during COVID-19 period. This implies that the optimal hedge ratio or
hedging cost between these assets were increased during the pandemic. Third, this
study found that the disruptive technology ETFs can provide higher hedge
effectiveness against Asia emerging markets during COVID-19 period than normal
period due to shorting a unit of the ETF can reduce variance of the long-only
portfolio in Asia emerging market by larger magnitude. Hence, these ETFs can be
used as hedging tools to minimize the risk of Asia emerging market portfolio. This
study provides insights for investors to formulate hedging strategies and determine
portfolio diversification by thematic technology ETFs.
2021
FT 25
Thongpattra Nanna
The link between ESG and firm performance in healthcare industry: the moderating role of firm age and people awareness
This paper examines the link between ESG and firm performance in healthcare industry
moderated by firm age and advertising expenses from 2011 to 2020. Firm performance is
measured by Tobin’s Q, ROA, ROE and asset turnover. This study finds the evidence that
environmental pillar is the most important metric to improve firm value in healthcare equipment
& supplies and advertisement helps social and governance pillars to add more value.
Biotechnology looks alike, but firm age can moderate environment pillar to increase the value.
Moreover, social pillar is the most influential to add firm value for healthcare provider &
services and the effect is much better with older firms. Also, advertisement helps environmental
pillar to enhance firm value even though its score per se cannot. Correspondingly, advertisement
can be a moderator for environmental and governance pillars to add firm value for
pharmaceuticals while its ESG subcomponents per se cannot. The conclusions concerning other
performance measures (profitability and efficiency) are outlined in the conclusion section. The
study provides an opportunity for healthcare industry to leverage ESG for firm performance
improvement and presents refined guidelines that employ different firm performance
measurements and ESG metrics compared between crisis and non-crisis.
moderated by firm age and advertising expenses from 2011 to 2020. Firm performance is
measured by Tobin’s Q, ROA, ROE and asset turnover. This study finds the evidence that
environmental pillar is the most important metric to improve firm value in healthcare equipment
& supplies and advertisement helps social and governance pillars to add more value.
Biotechnology looks alike, but firm age can moderate environment pillar to increase the value.
Moreover, social pillar is the most influential to add firm value for healthcare provider &
services and the effect is much better with older firms. Also, advertisement helps environmental
pillar to enhance firm value even though its score per se cannot. Correspondingly, advertisement
can be a moderator for environmental and governance pillars to add firm value for
pharmaceuticals while its ESG subcomponents per se cannot. The conclusions concerning other
performance measures (profitability and efficiency) are outlined in the conclusion section. The
study provides an opportunity for healthcare industry to leverage ESG for firm performance
improvement and presents refined guidelines that employ different firm performance
measurements and ESG metrics compared between crisis and non-crisis.
2021
FX 15
Thornthep Paengsawat
The Impact of Moral Hazard in Institutional Environment On the Decision to Perform Partial Acquisition or Full Acquisition
This paper investigates the impact of moral hazard on the corporate strategic
decision regarding Mergers and Acquisitions. Whether the decision by the acquirer
to make partial or full acquisitions is driven by moral hazard is the main implication
of this research paper. Considering several subsamples of mergers and acquisition
transactions, in domestic transaction, an increase in private benefits of control does
increase the odd of making partial acquisition. Considering the subsample of crossborder acquisitions, private benefits of control still increases the odd of making
partial acquisition but the effect is less pronounced. Having control for the profitmaximizing reasons to make full acquisitions, the increase in private benefits of
control does not increase the odd of making full acquisition which is implied as
wealth-destroying decision. The empirical results align more with the profitmaximizing explanation as the acquirer reacts to the private benefits of control by
making partial acquisition instead of making full acquisition.
decision regarding Mergers and Acquisitions. Whether the decision by the acquirer
to make partial or full acquisitions is driven by moral hazard is the main implication
of this research paper. Considering several subsamples of mergers and acquisition
transactions, in domestic transaction, an increase in private benefits of control does
increase the odd of making partial acquisition. Considering the subsample of crossborder acquisitions, private benefits of control still increases the odd of making
partial acquisition but the effect is less pronounced. Having control for the profitmaximizing reasons to make full acquisitions, the increase in private benefits of
control does not increase the odd of making full acquisition which is implied as
wealth-destroying decision. The empirical results align more with the profitmaximizing explanation as the acquirer reacts to the private benefits of control by
making partial acquisition instead of making full acquisition.
This research aims to study the reaction of the
International stock market around the corporate bond rating
change announcements by Moody's between 2015-2021 using
stocks and rating data from Datastream. The empirical result
shows a significantly positive reaction after the upgrades
announcement and a negative reaction around the downgrades
event date. Specifically, the impact of rating changes on stock
prices is larger around downgrades. The results imply that there
is an information effect but no price pressure effect since there
is a significant reaction in response to downgrades for all
samples insignificance impact following downgrades for subsample of the changes across investment- or speculative-grade
boundary. Furthermore, the absolute change in rating is
statistically significantly related to the cumulative abnormal
return.
International stock market around the corporate bond rating
change announcements by Moody's between 2015-2021 using
stocks and rating data from Datastream. The empirical result
shows a significantly positive reaction after the upgrades
announcement and a negative reaction around the downgrades
event date. Specifically, the impact of rating changes on stock
prices is larger around downgrades. The results imply that there
is an information effect but no price pressure effect since there
is a significant reaction in response to downgrades for all
samples insignificance impact following downgrades for subsample of the changes across investment- or speculative-grade
boundary. Furthermore, the absolute change in rating is
statistically significantly related to the cumulative abnormal
return.
This paper investigates one of the most famous seasonal anomalies, namely Halloween
effect. It is based on the observation that return during November to April so-called winter period
tend to perform better than return during May to October so-called summer period. Using a sample
of 97 Thailand equity funds during 2012-2021, we extend previous research by focusing on the
Halloween effect in mutual funds market. Our research consists of three main objectives. First, we
investigate the existence of Halloween effect in Thailand equity mutual funds. Second, we look
into different characteristics of funds by categorizing based on categories from Morningstar
database. As different types of funds may have different strengths of Halloween effect, we further
examine the presence of Halloween effect in 6 groups of 11 different types of characteristics
includes different market capitalization, book-to-market ratio, investment style of active and
passive and sectors. Then, we create trading strategies which based on the different strength of
Halloween effect by investing in a funds characteristic with the highest Halloween effect during
winter and a funds characteristic with no or less Halloween effect during summer months and
compare with the benchmark of buy-and-hold strategy. Third, we generate modified momentum
strategy, which is to long loser portfolio in winter, and long winner portfolio and short loser
portfolio in summer and investigate whether it outperforms conventional momentum long-short
strategy.
Consistent with Kenourgios and Samios (2021), our results show that Halloween effect
exists in equity mutual funds with significant positive winter months return. We provide evidence
of a robust Halloween effect in every characteristic except for growth funds. Our findings also
show that size of Halloween effect varies across different characteristics of mutual funds similar
to Arendas et al. (2018) and Jacobsen and Visaltanachoti (2009). Halloween effect is stronger for
passive funds than active funds. One possible explanation is fund manager who acknowledge this
phenomenon create their own strategy of what to invest during each period. Kenourgios and
Samios (2021) suggests that fund managers increase their equity exposure during May to October.
We also show that the investment based on rotation strategy and modified momentum strategy is
profitable and outperform their benchmark. The rotation strategy of investing
largevalue/midsmallvalue funds and passive/active funds generate a positive and significant
abnormal return.
effect. It is based on the observation that return during November to April so-called winter period
tend to perform better than return during May to October so-called summer period. Using a sample
of 97 Thailand equity funds during 2012-2021, we extend previous research by focusing on the
Halloween effect in mutual funds market. Our research consists of three main objectives. First, we
investigate the existence of Halloween effect in Thailand equity mutual funds. Second, we look
into different characteristics of funds by categorizing based on categories from Morningstar
database. As different types of funds may have different strengths of Halloween effect, we further
examine the presence of Halloween effect in 6 groups of 11 different types of characteristics
includes different market capitalization, book-to-market ratio, investment style of active and
passive and sectors. Then, we create trading strategies which based on the different strength of
Halloween effect by investing in a funds characteristic with the highest Halloween effect during
winter and a funds characteristic with no or less Halloween effect during summer months and
compare with the benchmark of buy-and-hold strategy. Third, we generate modified momentum
strategy, which is to long loser portfolio in winter, and long winner portfolio and short loser
portfolio in summer and investigate whether it outperforms conventional momentum long-short
strategy.
Consistent with Kenourgios and Samios (2021), our results show that Halloween effect
exists in equity mutual funds with significant positive winter months return. We provide evidence
of a robust Halloween effect in every characteristic except for growth funds. Our findings also
show that size of Halloween effect varies across different characteristics of mutual funds similar
to Arendas et al. (2018) and Jacobsen and Visaltanachoti (2009). Halloween effect is stronger for
passive funds than active funds. One possible explanation is fund manager who acknowledge this
phenomenon create their own strategy of what to invest during each period. Kenourgios and
Samios (2021) suggests that fund managers increase their equity exposure during May to October.
We also show that the investment based on rotation strategy and modified momentum strategy is
profitable and outperform their benchmark. The rotation strategy of investing
largevalue/midsmallvalue funds and passive/active funds generate a positive and significant
abnormal return.
2021
FX 15
Veerapat Virochpoka
How does Thai stock market react to the environmental policy announcements?
This paper investigated the impact of environmental policy announcements to the stocks in the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The announcements are related to climate change in the world forum (Paris Agreement) and plastic waste management. Investors are aware of the environmental policy which could have an impact to firms. We found that 7 out of 8 announcements experienced significant cumulative abnormal returns (both positive and negative). In terms of industry, the only industry which reacted to all announcements is industrials. The majority of firms in the industrials industry are operators related to chemicals, automotive and general manufacturing which are more likely to be sensitive to the environmental issues than other industries.
We further investigated the impact of firms’ environmental disclosure on the cumulative abnormal return. We proxied ESG disclosure and ESG score as one of the indicators for degree of environmental-friendly. The empirical results showed that ESG disclosure had negative impact on cumulative abnormal return at the first action of Thailand towards climate change (signing Paris Agreement) in 2016 (announcement no.2). In contrast, the ESG disclosure had positive impact on cumulative abnormal return to the announcement of Thailand’s commitment to lower temperature rising in the COP meeting in 2021 (announcement no.8). This implies that the investors viewed the impact of ESG disclosure on firms differently before and after the ESG become active in Thailand. In other word, the investors recently view that firms with ESG disclosure are likely to be better at the adaptation to new environmental policies. Additionally, among the firms with ESG disclosure, the ESG score doesn’t have impact on cumulative abnormal return.
We further investigated the impact of firms’ environmental disclosure on the cumulative abnormal return. We proxied ESG disclosure and ESG score as one of the indicators for degree of environmental-friendly. The empirical results showed that ESG disclosure had negative impact on cumulative abnormal return at the first action of Thailand towards climate change (signing Paris Agreement) in 2016 (announcement no.2). In contrast, the ESG disclosure had positive impact on cumulative abnormal return to the announcement of Thailand’s commitment to lower temperature rising in the COP meeting in 2021 (announcement no.8). This implies that the investors viewed the impact of ESG disclosure on firms differently before and after the ESG become active in Thailand. In other word, the investors recently view that firms with ESG disclosure are likely to be better at the adaptation to new environmental policies. Additionally, among the firms with ESG disclosure, the ESG score doesn’t have impact on cumulative abnormal return.
2021
FT 24
Fengxu Lin
The effect of air pollution on stock returns: evidence from Thailand and Indonesia
The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact
of air pollution on stock returns in Thailand and Indonesia
from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2021. Further effects of air
pollution on stock returns during the seasonal pollution period,
full moon period, new moon period, and high pollution period
are also studied.
The result shows that a lagged day of air pollution
proxy significantly reduces stock returns in Thailand. The
significant negative effect of air pollution on stock returns is
similar to that after controlling for the January effect. This is
consistent with the finding of Li and Peng (2016). In addition,
the negative effects of the lag air pollution agent on stock
returns are stronger during the seasonal air pollution period,
the full moon periods, and the high pollution days.
Moreover, the stock returns are higher during the new
moon period in Indonesia. This is consistent with the finding
of Dichev and Janes (2003). However, this paper does not find
the significant effects of air pollution on stock returns in
Indonesia.
of air pollution on stock returns in Thailand and Indonesia
from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2021. Further effects of air
pollution on stock returns during the seasonal pollution period,
full moon period, new moon period, and high pollution period
are also studied.
The result shows that a lagged day of air pollution
proxy significantly reduces stock returns in Thailand. The
significant negative effect of air pollution on stock returns is
similar to that after controlling for the January effect. This is
consistent with the finding of Li and Peng (2016). In addition,
the negative effects of the lag air pollution agent on stock
returns are stronger during the seasonal air pollution period,
the full moon periods, and the high pollution days.
Moreover, the stock returns are higher during the new
moon period in Indonesia. This is consistent with the finding
of Dichev and Janes (2003). However, this paper does not find
the significant effects of air pollution on stock returns in
Indonesia.
2021
FX 14
Nanapat Chaochavanil
Is Thai Baht a safe haven currency during the Covid-19 Pandemics
This paper empirically investigates whether or not Thai Baht (THB) is actually one of the safe haven currencies. Moreover, we also extend analysis to see if its safe haven pattern is persistent during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are not only study for THB, but also take into account other traditional well known safe- haven currencies namely U.S. Dollar (USD), British pound sterling (GBP), Euro (EUR), Swiss Franc (CHF) and Japanese Yen (JPY). By investigating between 2010 - 2019, our results do not support the idea that THB is a safe haven currency. Nevertheless, this paper found that for other well-known traditional currencies, EUR exhibits to be the safest currency among the others followed by CHF and JPY. Because when the return of 10-year US treasury yield decreases and VIX Index and TED spread increase, only EUR exhibits safe haven behavior as the value of EUR is significantly strengthen. Moving to different timeframe, during 2020, the result remains the same for THB that it still does not possess safe haven currency role. In this period, the safest currency turns to be CHF and JPY following by EUR, GBP and THB.
2021
FX 14
Napassorn Harnchaikittikul
Ownership concentration, corporate governance, and firm's risk-behavior: Evidence from Thailand
The relationship among the ownership concentration, corporate governance, and firm risk are investigated in this study. The sample for this study includes all the firms listed in Thailand Stock Exchange for the time period from 2010 to 2019. In this study, both direct and indirect relationships are investigated. The results shows that ownership concentration has positive significant effect on firm risk in the case of Thailand. The main explanation for this evidence is based on the socio-emotional wealth and limited liability feature of the listed firms. Meanwhile, corporate governance does not seem to have any significant impact on risk. Focusing on the incremental or indirect effect, corporate governance also does not help alleviate the problem of the insider trading or exploitation caused my major shareholders. Therefore, ownership concentrations still have significant impact on firm risk, regardless of how good governance practice it has. Despite of no moderating role in the relationship between ownership concentration on risk, corporate governance does play a significant moderating role in reducing an inappropriate performance effect on firm risk. Firms having high CG score tends to have lower performance effect on risk relative to those having low CG score. Moreover, lead-lag effect of corporate governance is investigated, evidence from our study show no sign of the lead-lag effect for the governance factors.
2021
FX 14
Naratporm Thamthonsiri
Safe-haven property of gold toward multi asset portfolio during Covid-19 Pandemic
This study tested whether gold has a property of safe-haven assets during the COVID-19 pandemic by performing multivariate time series analysis against multiple asset classes (equity, fixed income, property fund and REIT, and BITCOIN). Dividing testing period into pre- (2015 -2019) and on-going COVID-19 period (2020), the result of long run cointegration test came out that gold is shown to have a cointegrating relationship only during COVID-19 and no cointegration during pre-pandemic. This can be indicated that gold does not have the property of being a hedging instrument over a long run but consider itself to be a hedging asset over the pandemic period. For short run relationship during the COVID-19, the result from impulse response shows gold to be a strong safe-haven asset only against traditional asset class such as equity, fixed income, and real estate, but not for the alternative asset class like BITCOIN as the impact from the shock of S&P 500, UST and NAREIT to gold are in the opposite direction compared to pre-pandemic.
2021
FX 14
Pakkawat Kitsirikarn
Oil Shocks and Corporate Investment: Evidence from Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)
This special project empirically examines the impact from the different type of oil price shocks on corporate investment. This study follows the method proposed by Kilian (2009). He uses the structural vector autoregression model to decompose oil price shock into 3 type which comprised with oil supply shock, oil aggregate demand shock, and oil specific demand shock. Moreover, this work also incorporates industrial competition to investigate how it links to the impact of oil shock on corporate investment. The empirically examined period is Jan 2007 to Dec 2018. This study uses the firm-level data of companies listed in the stock exchange of Thailand. Also, this paper includes a sub-sample analysis of two groups which are energy-related and non-energy related.
This study finds that oil price shock from the supply side has a positive relationship with corporate investment. But oil price shock from the demand sides such as aggregate demand shock and specific demand shock have limited impact on corporate investment. For subsample analysis, The empirical finding is still in line with all samples. While the existing industrial competition of non-energy related industries helps to mitigate the positive impact of supply shock and we can imply that it reduces overinvestment problems.
This study finds that oil price shock from the supply side has a positive relationship with corporate investment. But oil price shock from the demand sides such as aggregate demand shock and specific demand shock have limited impact on corporate investment. For subsample analysis, The empirical finding is still in line with all samples. While the existing industrial competition of non-energy related industries helps to mitigate the positive impact of supply shock and we can imply that it reduces overinvestment problems.
This research studies the effect of financial development on the government revenue by using data from 56 countries since 1996 to 2018 with a generalized method-of-moment model. The analysis results show that the accessibility of financial institutions has a positive impact on government revenue in advanced economies. Furthermore, this study also finds that the depth of financial institutions and efficiency of the financial market are two factors which drive government revenue in emerging economies. However, another finding from this analysis finds that the depth of the financial market enhances the positive effect of GDP on government revenue in developing countries.
2021
FT 24
Pavit Sae-Eng
Stock return dispersion and performance of domestic equity funds in Thailand
We examine the relation between cross-sectional return dispersion and actively domestic open-ended fund performance in Thailand, with the rationale mechanism that in the time of high return dispersion, where provide the opportunity for the fund managers to generate the positive value of abnormal return. Consist to the finding in US data that the period of the highest return dispersion the most activeness fund significant outperform the least activeness fund. Thai data provided the added value that active fund with the moderate to high activeness earn positive abnormal return in the period of the highest return dispersion. we also find the meaningful interpretation that the clearly pattern of result in the relation occur only in the non-simultaneous analysis.
2021
FT 24
Pisit Grittiyarangsan
The cross-sectional return dispersion with momentum strategy and the spill over across FX and Equity markets, during COVID-19
This paper investigates the relation of momentum strategy and the return dispersion across currency and global equity markets by using 30 currency pairs and 30 global equity indices during last 2 decades. This paper also examines the lead-lag relationship of return dispersions through spillover from one market to another. In addition, we are successfully detected the relation between return dispersion of those market and the significant return by momentum strategy on currency market. However, we cannot detect significant positive return by using momentum strategy on global equity indices, so we cannot use the return dispersion from the lead market as an early indicator for the momentum strategy in the other market.
This paper empirically examines the comparative relationship between flow of equity and bond fund with the expected and real economy among US, UK and Japan market. Two objectives are set in according to the implication of information-response theory. The first objective is to study the relationship between mutual fund flow and the expectation in the future economic conditions capturing by predictive variable. Due to investors’ sensitivity to economic conditions, the second objective is to study the ability of mutual fund flows to predict the real economic conditions. The analytical period covers from 2001: Q1 to 2020: Q4.
The study found a potential correlation between mutual fund flows with both the expected and real economy. Mutual fund flows seem to have a bidirectional relation with predictive variable. The result indicate that mutual fund flows not only react to an anticipated change in economic condition but mutual fund flows also affect investors’ expectation about the future economy. Good future economic expectation tends to lead the flow into bond fund while deteriorated future economic expectation is likely to bring up bond fund flows. Furthermore, the findings suggest that mutual fund flows could help predict predictive variables. The study evidence also suggest that mutual fund flows and macroeconomic condition are likely to be related. Mutual fund flows themselves contain information about the real economy. An improvement in the real economy is possibly predicted by an increase in equity fund flows whereas an increase in bond fund flows is likely to be a signal of a poor economic state. Also, mutual fund flows could possibly be affected by the real economic condition.
The study found a potential correlation between mutual fund flows with both the expected and real economy. Mutual fund flows seem to have a bidirectional relation with predictive variable. The result indicate that mutual fund flows not only react to an anticipated change in economic condition but mutual fund flows also affect investors’ expectation about the future economy. Good future economic expectation tends to lead the flow into bond fund while deteriorated future economic expectation is likely to bring up bond fund flows. Furthermore, the findings suggest that mutual fund flows could help predict predictive variables. The study evidence also suggest that mutual fund flows and macroeconomic condition are likely to be related. Mutual fund flows themselves contain information about the real economy. An improvement in the real economy is possibly predicted by an increase in equity fund flows whereas an increase in bond fund flows is likely to be a signal of a poor economic state. Also, mutual fund flows could possibly be affected by the real economic condition.
2021
FT 23
Sarunporn Thupthong
Do Issuers Affect Derivative Warrants Overpricing? Evidence of Thailand
Derivative warrants have become increasingly popular in many countries. However, numerous literatures provide the empirical evidence that derivative warrants are overpriced relative to the comparable options. Many researchers found that the derivative warrant overpricing can be explained by hedging cost, liquidity premium, market power, and asymmetric information of investors. These explanations are likely to be related to characteristics of derivative warrant issuer. Therefore, this paper comes up with the objective to reconfirm the overpricing phenomenon in Thailand and investigate the issuer identity effect on the derivative warrant overpricing as well as examine what issuer’s characteristics cause the level of overpricing differ across issuers. The results demonstrate that Thai derivative warrants tend to be overpriced and the nature of the overpricing phenomenon has changed due to the SEC revised disclosure regulation and the underlying market conditions. Furthermore, the results also show the existence of issuer identity effect on the overpricing level. The overpricing level is different across issuers and ranging from 2.77 to 66.15 percent. The findings can be explained through the issuer’s characteristics, namely, market share of issuer, credit risk of issuer, foreign issuer, and style of calculating time decay.
2021
FX 14
Sasichanok Khongtip
The role of a banking market concentration in the effect of monetary policy on bank risk: Evidence from Thailand
This research investigates the effect of monetary policy on bank risk exposure and the role of banking market concentration in affecting their relationship by using the data of 11 commercial banks listed in the Stock Exchange of Thailand at the quarterly frequency over the period of 2001-2019. The different measurements of bank risk exposure variables and monetary policy indicators given interest rate changes from the previous quarters, interest rate variations relative to their long-term trends, low interest rates and prolonged low interest rates are applied to secure the robustness in estimation results based on dynamic model namely the two-step system GMM estimator, while five variables of macroeconomic conditions and seven variables of bank-specific characteristics are controlled. Further, the focused explanatory variable of banking market concentration by asset size is incorporated as the interaction term with monetary policy indicators to study its effect on the relationship between monetary policy stance and bank risk exposure. Consistent with the previous literature, the main results of this study suggest that bank risk exposure increases when a monetary policy easing is implemented through not only lowering interest rates relative to the previous quarters and their long-term trends, but also low interest rates and the extended period of low interest rates. Though, such impacts on bank risk exposure during an expansionary monetary policy are mitigated by more concentration in banking market.
2021
FX 14
Sirilada Chansermpong
Spillover Effects of Thailand GDP Announcement Surprise to AEC Stock Markets
This study examines how Thailand GDP announcement surprise affects AEC stock markets which are Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, and Vietnam. In the sample of 44 GDP announcements in Thailand during 2009-2019, our result suggests that there is no impact to AEC stock markets on GDP announcement date. However, we find pre-and post- GDP announcement effect spillover to other countries in AEC. In addition, the direction of Thailand GDP announcement has no reaction on abnormal return on AEC stock exchanges. In contrast, our findings report the influence of macroeconomic conditions in Thailand on the abnormal return in Malaysia, Singapore, and Philippines.
2021
FX 14
Viriyah Vorasitchai
Is currency risk priced in the stock return - evidence from AEC markets
When investors from different countries invest abroad in the same destination country and same asset is invested, they may achieve different foreign asset return or value after converting back to the home currency in each country, in other words, the value of such investment and its return could differ from what they retain in the that foreign currency. This phenomenon leads to the risk called “currency risk”. The currency risk could also be seen in several different ways such as economic risk, transaction risk as so on. Considering the value of the asset return after converting back to home currency, as the value of such return varies across countries, it means investors who is risk averse should require a compensation.
2021
FT 24
Yatida Palasri
Causality between corporate social responsibility and corporate financial performance
This paper examines the causality relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) of the listed companies in Asian Pacific emerging markets from 2010 to 2020. This paper analyzes the direction of causality between CSR and CFP in five different industries including energy, consumer non-cyclical, financial, technology and healthcare industries. This paper aims to study whether aggregated CSR scores and non-aggregate CSR scores (i.e., environmental, social and governance scores) toward the CFP measures (i.e., return-on-equity and Tobin’s Q ratios) have unidirectional or bidirectional relationship. In doing so, the bivariate panel vector autoregressive model and Granger causality test are used as the main methodology to analyze the unbalance panel data. In addition, several exogeneous factors are included in the model as control variables.
The results reveal that CFP measured by Tobin’s Q ratio negatively influences corporate governance pillar of CSR in energy industry. Moreover, the results show the negative influence of Tobin’s Q toward the aggregated CSR, environment pillar and social pillar in financial industry. These results conclude that the causality relationship between CSR and CFP vary across industries and that the use of different CFP measures generate different results.
The results reveal that CFP measured by Tobin’s Q ratio negatively influences corporate governance pillar of CSR in energy industry. Moreover, the results show the negative influence of Tobin’s Q toward the aggregated CSR, environment pillar and social pillar in financial industry. These results conclude that the causality relationship between CSR and CFP vary across industries and that the use of different CFP measures generate different results.
GLOBAL LEARNING
Student Exchange and Collaboration Courses are extraordinary opportunities for students to enrich and diversify their academic experience overseas. Each year MSF students take part in these activities to get a chance to work with renowned professors and vibrant students at our partner universities around the world. In addition to our students going outbound, there are international students from various universities exploring unique learning opportunity in our Program creating such an interesting diversity to MSF Program.
“Getting my Master’s degree from MSF Chula was a rewarding experience for me. As an international student, I felt cared for by the professors and staff. The program provides a lot of opportunities to expand my mind and enhance my experiences in the field of finance. Excellent educational resources and infrastructures lead to an overall enjoyable educational experience.”
Zahin M. Chowdhury (FX12) Managing Director, MNC Packages Ltd., Bangladesh
WORKSHOPS AND TALKS
STUDENT ACTIVITIES
“The MSF program does contribute to the progress in my career at EGAT. Through the theoretical and practical knowledge in finance, I have been equipped with capabilities and confidences to cope with investment development challenges in the period of technology disruption and transition in energy industry.”
HARID KHAOLUANG (FX10) Chief, Investment Analysis and Development Department, Business Development Division of EGAT
MSF Chula offers a broad slate of academic courses for both freshly graduated and experienced professionals. The program requires 36 credit hours to graduate. In addition to the core course requirements, students must select one of these two options:
Plan A
THESIS OPTION
Students with less than 1 year work experience are required to take this option which is only offered full-time. Out of the required 36 units, students will take 24 credit units of course work and 12 credit units of thesis research project over 2-term period.
LESS THAN
1 year work experience
1 year work experience
Plan B
SPECIAL PROJECT OPTION
Students with at least 1 year of work experience are eligible to pursue this option on either a full-time or flexible schedule basis. This plan consists of 3 components: 30 credit units of course work, 6 credit units over 2 term period of research project, and a comprehensive examination which is to be taken the following term upon completion of all course works.
MORE THAN
1 year work experience
1 year work experience
FULL-TIME
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
Our full-time classes meet on Monday – Friday from 9:00 – 16:00 hr. Upon availability of each individual lecturer, some classes may meet off-office hour.
| Term 1 (August-November) |
Term 2 (December-March) |
Term 3 (April-July) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Plan A (Thesis) |
5 Core Courses | 1 Core Courses +3 Elective Courses +Proposal | 1 Elective Course +Thesis |
| Plan B (Special Project) |
5 Core Courses | 1 Core Courses +3 Elective Courses+SP(l) | 4 Elective Courses + SP(ll) + Comprehensive Exam |
*Plan A: Students with less than 1 year work experience
Plan B: Students with at least 1 year work experience
Plan B: Students with at least 1 year work experience
FLEXIBLE
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
We offer flexible program during weekends and after regular office hours to suit students who have full-time career and yet still want to pursue academic advancement. Flexible program classes meet on Saturday-Sunday from 9:00 – 17:00 hr. Subject to each lecturer’s schedule, some classes may also meet on weekdays from 18:00 – 21:00 hr. Applicants in this flexible program must have more than 1 year work experience and choose Plan B (Special Project).
Flexible Program Curriculum Overview
| Term 1 (August-November) |
Term 2 (December-March) |
Term 3 (April-July) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| YEAR 1 | 3 Core Courses | 2 Core Courses | 1 Core Course + 2 Electives Courses |
| Term 4 (August-November) |
Term 5 (December-March) |
Term 6 (April-July) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| YEAR 2 | 2 Electives Courses+ Comprehensive Exam | 2 Elective Courses +SP(l) | 1 Elective Course +SP(ll) |
Course List
- MANDATORY
- ELECTIVE: Corporate Finance
- ELECTIVE: Risk Management
- ELECTIVE: Investment
- ELECTIVE: Others
Code
Course Title
Credtis
Financial theories related to investment and consumption decisions under certainty and uncertainty; risk preferences; application of expected utility theory in investment analysis; perfect asset markets; complete asset markets; portfolio theories; asset pricing theories; analysis of key corporate finance issues; capital structure; dividend policy; ownership structure; asymmetric information
Derivative markets; options and trading strategies; option pricing models; option price sensitivities; futures and trading strategies; swaps; forward rate agreements; interest rate options; value at risk (VaR) approaches; real options.
Techniques for financial statement analysis and their interpretation for decision making; uses of financial statement information in practices; demand and supply of financial statement information; quality of financial statement information; credit analysis; security analysis; risk analysis; corporate valuation.
Statistical techniques and econometrics for financial research; linear regression analysis; hypothesis testing; large sample statistical theory; relaxing assumptions of classical linear regression models; univariate time series analysis
Code of ethics; standards of professional conduct; ethics in the investment profession.
Roles of financial markets; structure of financial markets: money and capital markets; primary and secondary markets;
types and roles of various financial institutions in intermediation process; determination of interest rates; roles of regulators;
central banks; commercial banks; money supply process; debt markets; equity markets; foreign exchange markets;
financial instruments; efficient market hypothesis; financial markets in international context.
types and roles of various financial institutions in intermediation process; determination of interest rates; roles of regulators;
central banks; commercial banks; money supply process; debt markets; equity markets; foreign exchange markets;
financial instruments; efficient market hypothesis; financial markets in international context.
"Initial public offerings; seasoned equity offerings; rights offerings; private placement of equity; debt offerings; convertible debt; venture capital financing; mergers and acquisitions; corporate diversification; securities market regulations and corporate governance; event-study methodology.
Condition: Prerequisite 2604631 and 2604632"
Condition: Prerequisite 2604631 and 2604632"
Corporate governance; compliance and other related issues; strategic compliance management; integration of corporate governance, risk management and compliance.
"Condition: Prerequisite (2604631 and 2604632) or 2604639
Financial planning and assessment of financing needs; cost of capital estimation and capital budgeting; discounted cash flow valuation model; weighted average cost of capital; adjusted present value model; corporate financial decisions and their impact on firm valuation"
Financial planning and assessment of financing needs; cost of capital estimation and capital budgeting; discounted cash flow valuation model; weighted average cost of capital; adjusted present value model; corporate financial decisions and their impact on firm valuation"
Concepts, process and construction of investment portfolios; portfolio management strategies and diversification; portfolio performance evaluation; portfolio management for individual and institutional investors; asset allocation.
Basic and advanced portfolio performance evaluation models; applications of performance evaluation and attribution techniques; measuring portfolio performance without knowledge of the proper model; measuring market timing; measuring hedge fund performance.
Market efficiency and valuation; discounted cash flow valuation; relative valuation; residual income valuation and economic value added; option application for stock valuation; technical analysis.
"Advanced tools of financial risk management; credit derivatives; credit risk modeling; credit scoring; option-based models; credit migration models; reduced form models; applications of risk management for financial institutions; developments and current issues in risk management.
Condition: Prerequisite 2604643"
Condition: Prerequisite 2604643"
Introduction to programming; data manipulation techniques; software project management; spreadsheet application.
"Condition: Prerequisite 2604631 or 2604639
Fundamentals of pension plans; pension plan valuation concepts; pension funding concepts; solvency concepts; asset and liabilities management of pension funds; optimal asset allocation and risk management for pension plans; capital requirements and economic capital."
Fundamentals of pension plans; pension plan valuation concepts; pension funding concepts; solvency concepts; asset and liabilities management of pension funds; optimal asset allocation and risk management for pension plans; capital requirements and economic capital."
Alternative investment strategies: hedge funds, real estate, and private equity; risk-return characteristics of various alternative investments; use of alternative investments to enhance portfolio risk-return trade offs.
Theoretical foundations of behavioral finance; overconfidence; representative heuristic; attribution theory; anchoring; prospect theory; limits to arbitrage; market anomalies; corporate behavior.
Market microstructure models; order types; order submission strategies; trader types; behavior of informed traders; probability of informed trading; price discovery; origins of liquidity and volatility; transaction cost measurement.
Financial system and institutions; aggregate demand and supply; money creation; roles of expectation on markets and policy; monetary and fiscal policies; economic indicators.
Financial modeling; portfolio optimization; exotic derivatives; structured products; simulation and numerical methods for derivative valuation; financial innovation; cases in financial engineering.
Fixed income securities and markets; bond valuation; risk measurement of bonds; term structure of interest rate; yield curve fitting; bond portfolio management; interest rate derivatives.
"Financial planning and assessment of financing needs; cost of capital estimation and capital budgeting; weighted average cost of capital model; adjusted present value model; corporate financial decisions and their impact on firm valuation"
"Development of emerging capital markets; cross-border capital flows; governance and regulations; valuation challenge in emerging markets; risk analysis and assessment; issues in emerging equity and bond markets."
"MSF is one of the top of mind for financial school in Thailand. Not only the theories I learned, but also practical cases which is very useful.
With proficient professors and interesting curriculum, a year spent in this program was a great opportunity for accelerating my career path in finance."
With proficient professors and interesting curriculum, a year spent in this program was a great opportunity for accelerating my career path in finance."
Chuleephan Patiyatyothin (FT19) Financial Consultant (Assistant Vice President), KKP Private Wealth Management
UNIVERSITY FACILITIES
Explore extensive services available across the campus for all Chulalongkorn University staff and students:
FACULTY FACILITIES
Explore facilities exclusively available for Chulalongkorn Business School staff and students:
As a world-class institution, Chulalongkorn Business School offers top-ranked Master of Science in Finance program. Our graduates are fully prepared to meet the challenges of rapidly changing financial markets. Thank you for your interest in joining our MSF Chula family!
Tentative Dates for 2023 Admission (** Subject to change due to Covid Situation)
Deadline for application submission of batch#1
27 January 2023
Interview of batch#1
6 February 2023
Deadline for application submission of batch#2
5 May 2023
Interview of batch#2
15 May 2023 (Full-Time)
16 May 2023 (Flexible)
16 May 2023 (Flexible)
Admission decision notification
25 May 2023
Application Requirements
How to Apply & Timeline
Tuition Fees & Financial Aids
Frequently Asked Questions
"The MSF program provided me with a strong theoretical foundation to better understand and analyze financial markets, products, and risks. It also sparked my desire to become a more well-rounded and proactive financial regulator, equipping me with the skillsets to pursue a second Master’s degree at Harvard University, work with FinTech startups, and think critically when balancing financial innovation with financial stability and consumer protection.”
Tunyathon Koonprasert (FX9) Senior Analyst, Bank of Thailand, and Project Manager, Alliance for Financial Inclusion